Plastiki chinhu chine chero chakasiyana-siyana chezvakagadzirwa kana semi-synthetic organic komisheni inogoneka uye saka inogona kuumbwa kuita zvinhu zvakasimba.
Plasticity ndiyo yakajairwa midziyo yezvinhu zvese zvinogona kukanganisa zvisingadzokerike pasina kutyoka asi, mukirasi yemapolymer anoumbwa, izvi zvinoitika kusvika padanho rekuti zita ravo chairo rinobva mukugona uku.
Plastics anowanzo organic polymers epamusoro molecular mass uye anowanzo aine zvimwe zvinhu.Iwo anowanzo kugadzirwa, anowanzo kutorwa kubva kupetrochemicals, zvisinei, ruzhinji rwezvakasiyana zvinogadzirwa kubva kune zvinogonekazve zvinhu zvakaita sepolylactic acid kubva kuchibage kana cellulosics kubva kumakotoni linters.
Nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera, nyore kugadzira, kuita zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kusapinda mumvura, mapurasitiki anoshandiswa muhuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvezviyero zvakasiyana, kusanganisira mapepa uye spacecraft.Vakakunda zvinhu zvechinyakare, zvakaita sehuni, dombo, nyanga nebhonzo, dehwe, simbi, girazi, uye ceramic, mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakambosiiwa kune zvakasikwa.
Muhupfumi hwakasimukira, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepurasitiki chinoshandiswa mukurongedza uye zvakangofanana muzvivako mumashandisirwo akaita sepombi, pombi dzemvura kana vinyl siding.Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira mota (kusvika makumi maviri muzana epurasitiki), fenicha, uye matoyi.Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, mashandisirwo epurasitiki anogona kusiyana-42% yekushandiswa kweIndia inoshandiswa mukurongedza.
Plastics ine zvakawanda zvekushandisa mundima yekurapa zvakare, nekuunzwa kwepolymer implants uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurapa zvakatorwa zvishoma zvishoma kubva mupurasitiki.Munda wekuvhiya kwepurasitiki hauna kupihwa zita rekushandiswa kwemidziyo yepurasitiki, asi zvinoreva izwi rekuti plasticity, maererano nekuumbwazve kwenyama.
Plastiki rekutanga pasi rose rakanyatsogadzirwa raive bakelite, rakagadzirwa muNew York muna 1907, naLeo Baekeland uyo akagadzira izwi rekuti 'plastiki'.
sainzi yemapurasitiki, kusanganisira mubairo weNobel Hermann Staudinger uyo anonzi "baba vepolymer chemistry.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-27-2020